Paving selection and specification
Pavement selections are focussed upon quality hard wearing versatile materials with an urban refined character. Accessible and comfortable. Consistent across entire city centre to give a coherent identity and uniform character.
Subtle changes to occur across street typologies/precincts. The materials allow for variety of combinations that support more economical applications. Versatility in application of bluestone and asphalt combinations allowing for different levels of priority and investment. Granite is used in limited strategic areas for contrast and definition.
Consider use of permeable paving where tree watering or ground water recharge is required.
Standard Pavement Materials
The standard pavement materials palette has been selected with regard to:
- durability
- cost-effectiveness
- serviceability and maintenance
- visual integration
- expression of pedestrian hierarchy
Supply Requirements
Proposed products must be submitted for approval under the following conditions:
- Acceptable availability in regards to lead times and available volume
- Quality and density of stone unit size and compressive strength
- A local contact point
- Certified slip rating
- Colour variation with the product or colour consistency in product
- Intensity and size of grain in stone
- Product substitutions or equivalent products may be submitted for approval.
Requirements for Surface Finish
Paving shall be shaped to match the level of existing fixtures (for example: pit covers kerb edgings existing building line) to within 3 mm.
Typical Requirements of Service Pits Unit Pavement Areas
- Typically stormwater junction sewer services and Telstra pits should be neatly integrated with infill covers.
- All pit lids and surrounds to be engineered and installed to meet vehicle rating requirements.
- Align all rectilinear pit lids to the direction of unit pavement
- Grated stormwater pits or trench grates should always be anti-slip heel guard finish with low profile stainless steel frame.
- Other pits such as water valves gas valves and electrical pits should be neatly integrated into unit pavement with a max 10mm gap with colour matched caulking.
Stone unit pavers - format and size
Material
Large Format Size: 495 x 800mm Finish: Sawcut with 50um finish Pattern: Stretcherbond Joints: Align with base slab joints below Grout: 5mm grout flush joint
Small Format Material: Bluestone Paver Size: 245 x 400mm Finish: Sawcut with 50um Pattern: Stretcherbond Joints: Align with base slab joints below Grout: 5mm grout flush joint
Secondary Material: Bluestone Paver Size: 245 x 245mm Finish: Sawcut with 50um finish Pattern: Stack Joints: Align with base slab joints below Grout: 5mm grout flush joint Use: Square format pavers are only for use in vehicle crossovers to secondary streets and laneways for example: Little Malop Street crossovers.
Thicknesses dependant on loads pavement design and civil engineer specification.
Stone performance specification
- The bluestone materials shall be free from any injurious defect relating to strength durability and appearance.
- All bluestone materials shall be the product of machining of sound basaltic stone. Stone shall be considered sound only if it has less than 2% secondary minerals as determined by methods of microscopic examination and quarry sampling.
- The bluestone materials shall not be supplied from a quarry used for aggregate and shall be quarried only with black powder or other approved soft blasting technique and governed by current Australian Extractive Industry laws Work Authorities and Mining licences. Current Work Authority finish number for the Dimension stone quarry must be provided.
- Cut bluestone materials shall be clear of all clay overburden soft friable or weathered material and other foreign matter. Its wearing qualities shall be determined by the Los Angeles Abrasion Test and the percentage loss permitted shall not exceed 30. With a ramp slip resistance factor of R13.
- Bluestone materials with vesiculations veining or fracture lines considered injurious to strength will be rejected.
- Colour variation vesiculation and veining shall be of the equivalent standard to works associated with the Malop Street pedestrian paved area.
- Flint or other discolourations are to be avoided. The total area of top surface perforation “catspaws” must not exceed 40 percent of the total slab area.
- Exact individual paver unit sizes must be confirmed prior to ordering / cutting. Dimensions are required to factor in grout joint dimensions where an overall critical dimension is required such as for spoon drain width.
- The stone must be able to withstand a test for acid resistance and a sample tested to prive as much.
Surface Finish
- The surface finish of all bluestone materials shall be diamond sawn and must be free from saw cut markings.
- The face edge of the top surface of the kerbing (straights and radials) shall be finished with a 20mm radius.
- Unless otherwise specified edges of all bluestone materials shall be finished with a 1mm chamfer/arris.
Stone unit pavers - laying and use
Use
Bluestone pavers are to be used in Central Geelong by locations shown on plan page 17.
Installation
Large format pavers are to be laid in stretcherbond pattern. Align paver courses perpendicular to direction of travel. Carry pattern through east/west streets with straight joint to delineate north/south streets.
Where circumstances warrant secondary smaller unit pavers (eg invert line in pavement) alternative size may be used for example: Malop Street between Moorabool and Yarra Streets.
Use: High Priority Corner
Typical paver direction with transition at corner.
Use: High Priority Corner
Typical paver direction with small format pavers to invert line.
Use
Highlight bluestone bands are to be used at corners with contrasting asphalt pavements to low priority streets in Central Geelong. Refer to locations on page 17.
Installation
Large format pavers are to be laid in stack bond as a single course where adjacent asphalt - Residential Fringe. Large format pavers are to be laid in stretcher bond pattern to extent of low priority corners.
Granite Paving
Granite unit pavers can be used in limited locations requiring a contrasting material for demarcation of road/footpath users. Size and format is to be developed by function and location. Example; Little Malop Street is a 300mm wide at-grade kerb. Colour: ‘Salt & Pepper’
Use: Low Priority Corner
Use: Residential Fringe Interface
Typical paver direction and transition at corner
Infill Pit Lids - format and size
Use
Pit lids are to be infilled with surrounding pavement materials to create a seamless trafficable pavement surface. To be used on stormwater junction pits services pits circular sewer pits Telstra pits.
Note: All products to be approved by relevant service authority as early as possible during design phase.
Installation
Match lid infill to surrounding pavements trim pavers to fit within infill frame.
Pit lid class to Engineers site specific load requirements. Size lid and surround to suit paver depth.
Material
316 Stainless Steel or galvanised steel surround. Infill material to match adjacent surface.
Installed examples
Supplier ACO Australiawww.acodrain.com.au Product: Urban Infill or approved equivalent
ORCA Civilwww.orcacivil.com.au Product: ORCA Flexfill cover
Tactile ground surface indications - format and size
Use
Granite inlay TGSIs are to be used in areas with bluestone unit pavers to Central Geelong. Stainless steel TGSI are to be used in asphalt and concrete pavements to Central Geelong.
Installation
All locations as required by AS1428.1(2009). Not to be installed in vehicle zones without confirmation of loading. All designs to be reviewed and approved by a Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) Consultant.
Material
Hazard TGSI Material: Granite button inlay to custom bluestone paver Size: 300x300mm Finish: Exfoliated granite honed bluestone Pattern: Stack bond grid Grout: 5mm grout flush joint
Directional TGSI Material: Granite strip inlay to custom bluestone paver Size: 300x300mm Finish: Exfoliated granite honed bluestone Pattern: Stack bond grid Grout: 5mm grout flush joint
Note: Where TGSIs are to required for asphalt surfaces use 316 Stainless steel button inserts.
Refer to Section 4.0 for further information relating to TGSIs.
Granite inlay TGSI to be used in areas with bluestone paving
Hazard (left) and Directional (right)
Stainless Steel TGSI to be used in areas with asphalt or coloured concrete pavements
Hazard (left) and Directional (right)
All TGSI / pavement combinations are to meet luminance contrast requirements of AS 1428.1 (2009).
Distribution
